Answer:
One equation that gives us information about how a satellite moves around an object is the following one:
v^2 = (G*M)/R
Where V is the velocity of the satellite, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the Earth in this case, and R is the distance between the satellite and the Earth.
If you double M, there are a range of probabilities, where the extremes are:
The velocity of the moon does not change:
In this situation we have:
v^2 = (G*2M)/R'
where R' is the new distance, if we want to restore the previous equation, here we must have R' = 2R, this means that the distance between the Earth and the moon is also doubled.
The other extreme is that the distance is not changed:
(v')^2 = (G*2M)/R = 2*v^2
where v' is the new velocity
Then we have that v' = √2*v will be the new velocity of the moon.
And there are the possibilities where both velocity and distance changes, which are a lot more.
