B. predestination.
Predestination is one of the most famous principles of Calvinism and one that sets it apart from other Christian denominations. Predestination is the view that God has ordained everything to pass in a certain way, and that humans have no power in changing it. It also claims that God has granted salvation to some by grace, while the rest will be eternally punished, with little input from human action.
A. successfully challenging abuses of the Catholic Church.
Martin Luther was a German priest who was central to the Protestant Reformation. Luther rejected several practices of the Catholic Church, in particular the abuses of the clergy and indulgences. He also disagreed with some central beliefs of Catholicism. Luther outlined his views in his Ninety-five Theses of 1517, which resulted in his excommunication and recognition as an outlaw.
