The correct answer is A) after European colonization.
Lack of political structure and civil war were two serious issues African countries faced after European colonization.
After the "Scramble for Africa," (1881-1914) African countries were divided, with many political and economic problems, lack of infrastructure, and with many rivalries due to ethnicity and racial differences. The new countries that were established after the imperialistic years of European colonization, needed to built basic infrastructure in order to improve their economic conditions.
