A method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture is known as simple distillation.
Distillation is the process of turning a liquid into the vapour, which is then condensed back into its liquid state. The simplest illustration of it is when the steam from a kettle condenses into drops of the distilled water that are left on a cold surface. Distillation can be used to separate two or more liquids having different boiling points, such as separation of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil from the crude oil, or to separate liquids from the nonvolatile solids, as in separation of alcoholic beverages from fermented materials.
The majority of distillation techniques are variations of simple distillation used in industry and laboratory research.
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