A weak acid or base and the salt of that weak acid or base make up a buffer. Three combinations can be used to create buffers: (1) H 3PO4 and H 2PO4; (2) H 2PO4 and HPO 4 2; and (3) HPO 4 2 and PO 4 3.
Equivalent quantities of an acid and its conjugate base are found in the most efficient buffers. An added base or an added acid can be neutralized by a buffer that has roughly equal concentrations of a weak acid and its conjugate base in solution.
Strong acid hydrochloric acid (HCl) and its conjugate base, chloride sodium chloride provides an anion (NaCl). Due to the fact that we are combining a potent acid with its incredibly weak conjugate base, this will not result in a buffer solution.
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