Biotransformation is a metabolic process that occurs primarily in the liver and helps facilitate the removal of both exogenous and endogenous substances .A series of reactions alters the chemical structure of these substances. Enzymes that catalyze these reactions can inactivate, activate, or even poison their substrates.
Basic
Biotransformation pathways are divided into Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III. These reactions can occur simultaneously or sequentially.
Phase I: Delivers polar, water-soluble metabolites that are often still active. Many of the products in this phase are also substrates for Phase II. Oxidation by cytochrome P450 (most common)
discount
Hydrolysis
Phase II: Gives large polar metabolites by adding endogenous hydrophilic groups to form water-soluble, inert compounds that can be removed from the bod.
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