Peppered moths vary in color from light gray to almost black. The color of any moth depends on how many black spots are found on its wings. The name "peppered" refers to these black spots. During the day, the moths rest on trees. In England where the moths live, many light gray trees were covered with soot that came from the smoke stacks of factories.The trees got darker and darker from the soot. Over time the peppered moth population in polluted areas A) will become extinct. B) will become darker in color. C) will probably stay the same. D) will become lighter in color.

According to the evolution theory and the natural selection model, organisms adapt to changes in the environment and evolve as features that make them more suitable to survive and reproduce prevail over time. This implies, in the case presented peppered moths that are darker will be more likely to survive and reproduce because they can camouflage in the dark trees. This will cause over time, most of the peppered moths are darker (Option B) as this feature represents an advantage in terms of survival and reproduction. Similarly, if trees are no longer covered with soot the peppered moth population will evolve to fit in new conditions.