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When energy is added to or taken away from matter, it changes physically as it transitions between states. For instance, when liquid water is heated, it transforms into steam or vapor (a gas). And when you take the energy out of liquid water, it turns into ice (a solid).
How does a phase change result from the addition or subtraction of energy?
Energy addition raises the particles' kinetic energy, which lessens the intermolecular forces that hold them together. The particles' kinetic energy diminishes as energy is taken away, and intermolecular forces increase.
What occurs when matter is exposed to heat energy?
A substance gains thermal energy when it is heated. Its temperature increases as a result of its particles moving more quickly. When a substance cools, thermal energy is lost, resulting in slower particle motion and a decrease in temperature.
What results in a substance's phase change?
A change in temperature frequently causes substances to change phases.
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