The correct answer is a longitudinal study.
In social-personality and clinical psychology, longitudinal studies are frequently used to examine the rapid changes in behaviors, thoughts, and emotions from moment to moment or day to day; in developmental psychology, longitudinal studies examine developmental trends over the course of a lifetime; in sociology, longitudinal studies examine life events over lifetimes or generations; and in consumer research and political polling, longitudinal studies examine consumer trends. The reason for this is that, in contrast to cross-sectional studies, which compare various individuals with the same characteristics, longitudinal studies follow the same subjects over time, making it less likely that any differences found in those subjects are due to the cohort effect or to generational cultural differences.
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