Without the specialized mobile immune cells, the plants utilize their localized programmed cell death and the Systemic Acquired Resistance to defend themselves from pathogen attacks.
- The contribution of a particular Arabidopsis gene to the overall plant immune response can be particularly and quantitatively assessed by assaying the pathogen growth within that infected tissue.
- Over the three decades, the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae PV. maculicola ES4326 (Psm ES4326) has been applied as the model pathogen for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the Arabidopsis immune response.
- Multiple inoculation methods have been established to deliver pathogens into the leaf tissue, e.g., syringe infiltration, dip inoculation, spray, vacuum infiltration, and flood inoculation.
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