A particular kind of wave with unique characteristics is a plane electromagnetic wave.
It is based on the electric and magnetic fields' vibrations. Complete solution, step by step: Electric and magnetic fields in the medium vibrate, creating electromagnetic waves.
E and B are always perpendicular to one another and to the direction of propagation for electromagnetic waves. The direction of E x B is the direction of propagation.
A physical property, such as phase, that is constant throughout a plane perpendicular to the direction of wave travel is referred to as a "planar wave" in the context of waves. Plane waves have a wavelength, frequency, and wave speed just like periodic waves do.
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