The flame colour produced by metal ions is due to electrons returning to lower energy levels after being excited to higher energy levels.
- Cu2+ ions gives a deep green coloured flame.
- Na+ ions give a golden yellow-coloured flame.
- Li+ ions gives a red-coloured flame.
- Ca2+ ions gives a brick red-coloured flame
What is a flame test?
A flame test is a test used to identify metal ions in solution due to the characteristic colour the flame produces.
Flame colors are produced when the electrons in the metal ions present in the compound move between energy levels after excitation.
The difference in the colour of the flame depends on the difference in the energy levels of the electrons moving.
A solution of Cu(NO3)2 contains Cu2+ ions.
Cu2+ ions gives a deep green coloured flame.
A solution of Na2SO4 contains Na+ ions.
Na+ ions give a golden yellow-coloured flame.
A solution of Li3PO4 contains Li+ ions.
Li+ ions gives a red-coloured flame.
A solution of Ca(C2H3O2)2 contains Ca2+ ions
Ca2+ ions gives a brick red-coloured flame
Therefore, the colour of the flame produced by metal ions is due to electrons returning to lower energy levels after being excited to higher energy levels.
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