The correct order of transcriptional events that can occur when RNA polymerase binds to the promoter are:
- The first stage of the transcription process is the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA molecule.
- This union is produced by specific areas of DNA called promoters, which indicate to the enzyme that it has to start transcribing.
- The DNA double helix unwinds, forming the transcription loop to serve as a template for RNA synthesis, in such a way that only one of the two strands is the one that transcribes the information to RNA.
- The DNA strand that serves as a template is called the "template strand", while the complementary strand is called the "coding strand", identical in base sequence to the transcribed RNA except that thymine is substituted for uracil.
- When the nucleotides are properly located, they are joined together by the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase (in the sense 5` → 3`).
- Finally, the RNA is separated and the DNA recovers the double helix structure.
Therefore, we can conclude that promoter recognition and transcriptional events are a crucial step in transcription, both in terms of the mechanism and regulation of transcription.
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