There are five valence electrons in nitrogen atom and they always participate in covalent bond formation.
Atoms participate in;
- Ionic bonding
- Covalent bonding
- Metallic bonding
The type of bonding that atoms of elements are involved in depends on the number of electrons in the valence shell of each of the bonding atoms.
Recall the elements that have very few electrons in their valence shell(metals) often form ionic bonds with other elements whose valence shell are less than the stable octet by one or two electrons.
On the other hand, nonmetals having more electrons on their valence shell often share electrons in a covalent bond.
Nitrogen is a nonmetal that has five valence electrons. Nitrogen often shares three of these electrons with atoms of other elements in a covalent bond.
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