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Studies of topsoil erosion on Iowa farmland shows that as much as 50 metric tons are lost per hectare during winter and spring rains. This loss is due to the loss of millimeters of soil from across the entire surface of the fields. Which type of erosion would this be?

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Answer:

The type of erosion described in the question is called Water Erosion.

Explanation:

Note that the erosion is caused by winter and spring rains.

Water Erosion can happen when raindrops disintegrate the aggregates of the topsoil. The fragments collect into the soil pores and create a coagulating action which makes it difficult for the water to penetrate the soil. The rainwater having increasingly accumulated on the surface flows off along with the topsoil.

This type of erosion can be further aggravated if:

  • the rainfall is very heavy;
  • the terrain has a steep gradient thus increasing the velocity of runoff
  • the soil type has a lower capacity to erosion

Cheers!

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