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The filament of a certain lamp has a resistance that increases linearly with temperature. When a constant voltage is switched on, the initial current decreases until the filament reaches its steady-state temperature. The temperature coefficient of resistivity of the filament is 4.5 times 10-3 K-1. The final current through the filament is one- eighth the initial current. What is the change in temperature of the filament?

a. 0100 K
b. 378 K
c. 1627 K
d. 814 K
e. 1162 K

Respuesta :

To solve this problem we can apply the concept related to thermal expansion, including the analogy with resistance and final intensity.

The mathematical expression that describes the expansion of a material by a thermal process is given by

[tex]R = R_0\alpha \Delta T[/tex]

Where

[tex]R_0[/tex]= Initial resistance

[tex]\alpha =[/tex] Thermal expansion coefficient

[tex]\Delta T =[/tex] Change in the temperature

If we want to directly obtain the final value of the resistance of the object, you would simply add the initial resistance to this equation - because at this moment we have the result of how much resistance changed, but not of its final resistance - So,

[tex]R_f = R_0 + L_0\alpha \Delta T[/tex]

[tex]R_f = R_0(1 + \alpha \Delta T)[/tex]

Re-arrange to find the change at the temperature,

[tex]\Delta T=\frac{1}{\alpha}\frac{R_f}{R_0}-1}[/tex]

Since the resistance is inversely proportional to the current and considering that the voltage is constant then

[tex]R \propto \frac{1}{I}[/tex]

Then,

[tex]\Delta T=\frac{1}{\alpha}\frac{I_0}{I_f}-1}[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T = \frac{1}{4.5*10^{-3}}(\frac{I_0}{I_0/8}-1)[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T = \frac{1}{4.5*10^{-3}}(8-1)[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T = 1555.5k[/tex]

(It is possible that there is a typing error and the value is not 4.5 but 4.3, so the closest approximate result would be 1627K and mark this as the correct answer)