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A satellite in geostationary orbit is used to transmit data via electromagnetic radiation. The satellite is at a height of 35,000 km above the surface of the earth, and we assume it has an isotropic power output of 1 kW (although, in practice, satellite antennas transmit signals that are less powerful but more directional).Reception devices pick up the variation in the electric field vector of the electromagnetic wave sent out by the satellite. Given the satellite specifications listed in the problem introduction, what is the amplitude E0 of the electric field vector of the satellite broadcast as measured at the surface of the earth? Use ϵ0=8.85×10^−12C/(V⋅m) for the permittivity of space and c=3.00×10^8m/s for the speed of light.

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Answer:

[tex]6.99535\times 10^{-6}\ V/m[/tex]

Explanation:

P = Power Output = 1000 W

r = Radius = 35000000 m

[tex]\epsilon_0[/tex] = Permittivity of free space = [tex]8.85\times 10^{-12}\ F/m[/tex]

c = Speed of light = [tex]3\times 10^8\ m/s[/tex]

Intensity of Electric radiation is given by

[tex]I=\dfrac{P}{A}\\\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{P}{4\pi r^2}\\\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1000}{4\pi\times 35000000^2}\ W/m^2[/tex]

Intensity of Electric radiation is given by

[tex]I=\dfrac{1}{2}c\epsilon_0E_0\\\Rightarrow E_0=\sqrt{\dfrac{2I}{c\epsilon_0}}\\\Rightarrow E_0=\sqrt{\dfrac{2\times \dfrac{1000}{4\pi\times 35000000^2}}{3\times 10^8\times 8.85\times 10^{-12}}}\\\Rightarrow E_0=6.99535\times 10^{-6}\ V/m[/tex]

The amplitude of the electric field vector is [tex]6.99535\times 10^{-6}\ V/m[/tex]

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