The first and the third sentences contain parallel structures. Parallel structure, or parallelism, is the repetition of the same grammatical structure or form within a sentence, so it becomes more balanced, and, therefore, more readable and clear to understand.
In the first sentence, the parallel structure has been used in the comparison: "... would make war rather than let the nation survive and accept war rather than let it perish..."
In the third sentence the same grammatical form has been used too: "all dreaded it (1) all sought to avert it (2)."
