The answer to your question is :
Explanatory variable <--------> The first freezer
Response variable <---> The time required for the water to turn into ice in each freezer
control group <------------------> The second freezer
An Explanatory variable in an experiment is the variable that has been changed/manipulated by the researcher for the purpose of the experiment/research it is an independent variable ( as seen in first freezer )
A Response variable is the outcome of an experiment that serves as an evidence of the effect of the explanatory variable. it is a dependent variable
The control group is the made up of the refrigerators whom are not cooled using the new formula of refrigerant ( i.e. the second freezer )
hence the explanatory variable is the first freezer, the response variable is the time required for the water to turn into ice in each freezer, while the control group is the second freezer.
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